The output matches in both cases the output from running grep -c with each pattern individually. Output with pat='^a a$ alfa beta gamma': beta 2 Output with pat='alfa beta gamma': alfa 1 Note if your pattern contains space, you need to use a different delimiter between the patterns in pat and to update the split command accordingly. The c?c:0 bit uses the ternary operator to print 0 when c is zero. Pat is split into the p array, which is then used to search for matches on each line ( $0 ~ p). Please tell me if there still are any open issues. Just give the search strings directly to the scriptįixed version with regex support (see comment below). Low end version with restrictions outlined in comments below: awk 'įor (i in a) print sprintf("%s %d", a, A]) ![]() But it's easy to add some features if so desired. And works for plain words only - not regexps. This solution may not work well for large files (is not optimized). $ egrep 'Manager|Developer' employee.I don't think grep is capable of what you want to do. For example: last grep -i abc last grep -i uyx I wish the combine the above into one command, but when searching on the internet I can only find references on how to use multiple strings with grep, when grep is used with a file, and not a command. You can also combine NOT with other operator to get some powerful combinations.įor example, the following will display either Manager or Developer (bot ignore Sales). With multiple strings, after using grep on another command. grep -v 'pattern1' filenameįor example, display all the lines except those that contains the keyword “Sales”. i.e It matches all the lines except the given pattern. Using grep -v you can simulate the NOT conditions. $ grep Manager employee.txt | grep Salesĥ00 Randy Manager Sales $6,000 Grep NOT 7. ![]() The following example will grep all the lines that contain both “Manager” and “Sales” in the same line. grep -E 'pattern1' filename | grep -E 'pattern2' You can also use multiple grep command separated by pipe to simulate AND scenario. Note: Using regular expressions in grep is very powerful if you know how to use it effectively. $ grep -E 'Manager.*Sales|Sales.*Manager' employee.txt The following example will grep all the lines that contain both “Manager” and “Sales” in it (in any order). The following example will grep all the lines that contain both “Dev” and “Tech” in it (in the same order). Grep -E 'pattern1.*pattern2|pattern2.*pattern1' filename But, you can simulate AND using grep -E option. $ grep -e Tech -e Sales employee.txtĥ00 Randy Manager Sales $6,000 Grep AND 5. Use multiple -e option with grep for the multiple OR patterns. grep -e pattern1 -e pattern2 filenameįor example, grep either Tech or Sales from the employee.txt file. Use multiple -e option in a single command to use multiple patterns for the or condition. Using grep -e option you can pass only one parameter. $ egrep 'Tech|Sales' employee.txtĥ00 Randy Manager Sales $6,000 4. Just use the | to separate multiple OR patterns. egrep 'pattern1|pattern2' filenameįor example, grep either Tech or Sales from the employee.txt file. So, use egrep (without any option) and separate multiple patterns for the or condition. Grep OR Using egrepĮgrep is exactly same as ‘grep -E’. $ grep -E 'Tech|Sales' employee.txtĥ00 Randy Manager Sales $6,000 3. If you use the grep command with -E option, you just need to use | to separate multiple patterns for the or condition.įor example, grep either Tech or Sales from the employee.txt file. $ grep 'Tech\|Sales' employee.txtĥ00 Randy Manager Sales $6,000 2. Without the back slash in front of the pipe, the following will not work. grep 'pattern1\|pattern2' filenameįor example, grep either Tech or Sales from the employee.txt file. If you use the grep command without any option, you need to use \| to separate multiple patterns for the or condition. ![]() I prefer method number 3 mentioned below for grep OR operator. Use any one of the following 4 methods for grep OR. You already knew that grep is extremely powerful based on these grep command examples. The following employee.txt file is used in the following examples. The examples mentioned below will help you to understand how to use OR, AND and NOT in Linux grep command. But, you can simulate AND using patterns. Question: Can you explain how to use OR, AND and NOT operators in Unix grep command with some examples?Īnswer: In grep, we have options equivalent to OR and NOT operators.
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